Strengthening the Implementation of the Indonesian Police Professional Code of Ethics as a Strategic Effort in Building Transparency, Accountability and Legitimacy of the Police Institution

Abstract

Compliance of Polri members with the Police Code of Ethics is essential to building public trust. Professionalism and integrity, reflected in transparency, accountability, and legal fairness, enhance Polri’s legitimacy as a law enforcement institution. Ethical violations such as abuse of authority, excessive force, or involvement in crimes can damage the police’s public image and indicate that ethical reforms remain ineffective. According to the theory of legal legitimacy, public trust improves when laws are enforced fairly and without discrimination. Social compliance theory suggests that officers’ adherence to ethical codes influences public legal compliance. To improve the effectiveness of code enforcement, ongoing internal reforms, periodic evaluations, and a clear reward and punishment system are required. Strengthening the role of the Professional and Security Division (Propam), enhancing transparency via accessible complaint mechanisms, and involving external oversight bodies such as Kompolnas and the Ombudsman are crucial to maintaining Polri’s credibility. Ethics and leadership education from the recruitment stage, alongside regular training in human rights and public engagement, can improve professionalism. Public involvement through citizen reporting and open forums also ensures the police remain service-oriented and accountable. With consistent implementation and strict supervision, Polri can strengthen its integrity, boost public confidence, and foster broader legal compliance within society.