Implementation of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) Principles in Mining Business in Bangka Belitung: normative review of corporate compliance

Abstract

Using a normative approach to the level of corporate compliance, this study investigates the application of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in tin mining business activities in Bangka Belitung Province. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the legal basis governing the implementation of ESG principles and evaluate policy and regulatory innovations that can improve companies' compliance with these principles. The study investigated sectoral regulations of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, such as Law No. 32 of 2009, using a normative juridical approach. The study shows that although there is a legal framework supporting ESG measures, there are still many problems in the field, such as poor supervision, lack of incentives, and lack of corporate transparency. As a result, ESG indicators should be included in mine licenses, sustainability reporting should be more open, and local communities should be involved in supervision. It is hoped that this research will serve as a reference source to build more flexible regulations and encourage more sustainable mining in Bangka Belitung.